Recipe¶
OpenVPN via NetworkManager CLI¶
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Pure bash whois client¶
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ipset for fail2ban¶
Use jail.local
to provide:
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Setting and Controlling IP sets using iptables¶
The ipset utility is used to administer IP sets in the Linux kernel. An IP set is a framework for storing IP addresses, port numbers, IP and MAC address pairs, or IP address and port number pairs. The sets are indexed in such a way that very fast matching can be made against a set even when the sets are very large. IP sets enable simpler and more manageable configurations as well as providing performance advantages when using iptables. The iptables matches and targets referring to sets create references which protect the given sets in the kernel. A set cannot be destroyed while there is a single reference pointing to it. The use of ipset enables iptables commands, such as those below, to be replaced by a set:
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The set is created as follows:
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The set is then referenced in an iptables command as follows:
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If the set is used more than once a saving in configuration time is made. If the set contains many entries a saving in processing time is made.
Debian 10 ⇒ 11 upgrade¶
Boils down to:
- Update the system with
apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade
to the most recent state of working version. - Update
/etc/apt/sources.list
to1 2 3 4 5
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
- Upgrade the system with
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade && reboot
to the new version.
2021-08-20 @ fabicon.ru
emmcdl & QDL¶
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When the password was changed?¶
chage -l $USER
— show password "aging" statuspasswd -S $USER
— show user's "status"zgrep -Fw passwd /var/log/* /var/log/*/* | grep -Fw $USER
— look for passwd(1) report
Who has eaten all the swap?¶
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Remove leading zeroes ${VAR##+(0)}
¶
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Found here.
Mediatomb (hosted by ветеран.su) became gerbera¶
Since about Ubuntu 20.04 it's gerbera now.
Gerbera is proudly built upon MediaTomb 0.12.1 continuing that projects great legacy.